Mechanical Conversion and Transmission Systems for Controlling Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are a promising renewable energy technology. Many applications have been successfully demonstrated, such as self-powered Internet-of-Things sensors and many wearables, those portable power source devices useful in daily life due to their light weight, cost effectiveness, high conversion. To boost TENG performance, researchers working modulate the surface morphology of triboelectric layer through surface-engineering, modification, material selection, etc. Although can obtain charge density, achieving output performance that is predictable uniform requires mechanical conversion systems (MECSs), development remains huge challenge. previous works did not provide an MECS or introduced only simple system support integration device. However, these kinds designs cannot control frequency waveform. Currently, some use transmission components gear-trains, cam-noses, spiral springs, flywheels, governors step-up, controllable, predictable, required for TENGs be suitable applications. In this review, we briefly introduce various regulating TENGs. First, overview machines used when designing MECSs basic principles The following sections review with gear-based, cam-based, flywheel-based, multiple-stage show how structure regulate input flow harvester. Last, present perspective outline full design protocol correlate future